ABYSSAL+&+HYDROTHERMAL+VENTS


 * Mallory Griffin & Alexa Kastan **


 * Abyssal & Hydrothermal Vents **

Deep in the ocean, almost 6,560- 19,680 feet down, is the abyssal biome. It is in complete darkness and it is home to millions of bizarre and unique species. The marine life that lives in the abyssal are specially adapted to survive in this hard atmosphere. Very few scientists have seen this layer because it is so difficult to reach. Hydrothermal Vents are volcanic ridges that heat produce heat and other toxic mixtures.
 * Introduction: **


 * Definition: **Ocean floor offshore from the continental margin, usually very flat with a slight slope. An opening on the floor of the sea from which hot, mineral-rich solutions issue.


 * Map of biome: **


 * Biotic Factors (animals, plants, algae, etc. living things): **
 * - Deep-sea angler fish **
 * - Giant Squid **
 * - Black Swallower **
 * - Tripod Fish **
 * - Giant Tube Worm **
 * - Clams **
 * - Limpets **
 * - Shrimp **

- Temperature can exceed up to 100ºC - Locations such as the Atlantic Ocean - Soil Quality of the ocean floor is mixed made up of molten crust and other mixtures
 * Abiotic Factors (temperature, location, soil quality): **

-Scientist first discovered these underwater volcanoes in the Pacific Ocean in 1977. -They found these volcanic ridges spewing fluids that were warm and filled with minerals. -The only food source was only eating dead animals but scientist discovered bacteria actually convert hydrogen sulfide into energy which feed tube worms and other small organisms -This process is called chemosynthesis.
 * Additional Info. **



Work Cited: http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/glossary/glossary_A.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrothermal_vent http://www.csa.com/discoveryguides/vent/review7.php http://www.biodiversityhotspots.org/xp/hotspots/atlantic_forest/Pages/default.aspx